Turkish grapefruit is a red programme. Star Ruby and Rio Red both colour deeply on the Çukurova plain — the hot days and cool nights of an Adana autumn push lycopene development harder than most origins manage — and that internal colour is what the fruit is bought on.
Star Ruby is the darker of the two and the more difficult to grow: it is thin-skinned, sensitive to wind rub and to herbicide drift, and it sizes smaller. Rio Red is more forgiving, sizes larger and holds better in store, at the cost of slightly less intense flesh colour. Marsh Seedless covers the white segment, which is a smaller but steady programme into the Gulf and eastern Europe.
Grapefruit is traded on count, not on diameter, so the packing table below is count-first. Standard is a 15 kg carton; the 27s and 30s go to food service, the 40s and 45s to retail.